Developing protocol on Jakarta green area target setting for urban overheating mitigation

Abstract

Climate change contributes to heat stress in cities. Massive transitions from natural habitat to built environment triggers urban heat island effects. In the context of urban climate adaptation, green open spaces have been recognized as a mitigation strategy. To enforce the application of green infrastructure, the Jakarta Government has created a target of 30%, supported by the Green Space Masterplan that indicates the development of Green Space Weighting Factor. This study aims to develop a systematic framework on target setting for the green areas of Jakarta for urban overheating mitigation through microclimate simulation (ENVI-met) on targeted local climate zone areas, with green infrastructure quantified by the newly-developed weighting factor. The results of the study shows that in order to mitigate UHI and address climate change, urban design policy should not rely entirely on green infrastructure, and only a comprehensive, site-specific spatial and functional analyses can bring targeted green infrastructure that really improve thermal conditions.