The Reference Measurements of The Paper Laboratory
Penttinen, Petri (2012)
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201202212360
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201202212360
Tiivistelmä
The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis was to create a basis for reference measurements of papers and boards used in the paper laboratory of Saimaa University of Applied Sciences in Imatra. Testing was focused to the most common physical properties of paper and board. The aim for the reference measurements was to setup a database of product properties. This database is later used as reference material when new properties of other products are measured.
In the theory part of the work is introduced the laboratory environment, quality systems, and the physical properties of the papers and boards that are measured. Also the test methods of these properties are explained. As the reliability of the testing is very important, in this work is also thought about the things that may cause uncertainty and errors to the results.
In the experimental part of the work is performed the basic- and strength properties of the specific papers and boards that were selected. The samples used consist of the paper and board grades manufactured in Stora Enso Imatra and M-real Simpele mills, and of the own samples made of birch, eucalyptus, pine and spruce pulps. These industrial manufactured paper and board types are commonly used with the student works and they can be found from the paper laboratory. Pulps for the own samples are from Stora Enso Imatra mills and they can also be found from the school´s paper laboratory.
Reference measurements were performed by the instructions of ISO standards and tests were carried out carefully to eliminate false results. Excessive deviation was avoided by selecting representative samples and repeating measurement enough time.
The quality of industrial papers and boards is very high as it came out also from the paper and board samples used in this work. With the own samples, deviation occurs much more and to get reliable enough results for the reference values, it demands carefully done sheets and more test repetitions. Commonly, it can be said that finding the reliable values for true average and true deviation, it demands lot of test repetitions.
In the theory part of the work is introduced the laboratory environment, quality systems, and the physical properties of the papers and boards that are measured. Also the test methods of these properties are explained. As the reliability of the testing is very important, in this work is also thought about the things that may cause uncertainty and errors to the results.
In the experimental part of the work is performed the basic- and strength properties of the specific papers and boards that were selected. The samples used consist of the paper and board grades manufactured in Stora Enso Imatra and M-real Simpele mills, and of the own samples made of birch, eucalyptus, pine and spruce pulps. These industrial manufactured paper and board types are commonly used with the student works and they can be found from the paper laboratory. Pulps for the own samples are from Stora Enso Imatra mills and they can also be found from the school´s paper laboratory.
Reference measurements were performed by the instructions of ISO standards and tests were carried out carefully to eliminate false results. Excessive deviation was avoided by selecting representative samples and repeating measurement enough time.
The quality of industrial papers and boards is very high as it came out also from the paper and board samples used in this work. With the own samples, deviation occurs much more and to get reliable enough results for the reference values, it demands carefully done sheets and more test repetitions. Commonly, it can be said that finding the reliable values for true average and true deviation, it demands lot of test repetitions.